Varicose veins are thickened, elongated, twisted blood vessels that do not properly control blood circulation. When blood pumped through these damaged veins pools and collects, the veins can become overfilled and visible as small thread-like veins (spider veins) or, in some cases, as large ropey and grape-like clusters under the skin. They can cause pain, swelling, feelings of heaviness, cramping, numbness, weakness in the legs, itching or irritated rashes, and darkening of the skin.

Varicose veins visible on the legs can appear bulging and bluish in coloration. Individuals with varicose veins often find it difficult to stand, walk, and sit for extended periods of time and may also have difficulty participating in certain activities. Many people also tend to feel self-conscious about the appearance of their legs. When left untreated, varicose veins can become a serious medical condition with worsened symptoms such as blood clots, skin ulcerations, and bleeding.